Unions and reform groups, disappeared after the panic of 1873, a U.S. organization of both working class and more well-off women formed in 1903 to support the efforts of women to organize labor unions and to eliminate sweatshop conditions. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! Learn vocabulary, terms, and more … Chapter 17: Industrial Supremacy. She grew up wanting to write (one of few serious vocation available to women) and after being a nurse in the CW, where she contracted typhoid and chronically suffered from mercury poisoning, Alcott began writing realistic fiction and basing it on the lives and experiences of women. emerged as a major force during this time and under the laws of incorporation passed in many states in the 1830s and 1840s, business organizations could raise money by selling stock to members of the public (Americans began interested in the purchase of stock, especially with the security of limited liability). Henry Bessemer and William Kelly had developed simultaneously a process for converting iron into the much more durable and versatile steel . - Invented incandescent lamp . Most important tech development was revolutionizing of iron and steel production in late 19th century. Sources of Industrial … a)Industrial Technologies. Production resumed, since the strikebreakers were now protected by the troops, and public opinion soon turned against the strikers as a radical made an attempt to assassinate Henry Frick Clay. LeMarcus Echoles APUSH 3/20/2017 Chapter 17: Industrial Supremacy Sources of Industrial Growth Industrial Technologies Most impt tech i)Most impt tech development was new iron + steel production techniques- Henry Bessemer and William Kelly invented process to turn iron to steel, possible to produce large quantities and dimensions for construction, RRs. the way to manage human labor as to produce the most effective result that is compatible with machine age. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more … Features Examples Case Studies Pricing Support Log In Create a Timeline Now; APUSH Gilded Age timeline. *AP and Advanced Placement Program are registered trademarks of the College Board, which was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse this web site. that used violence and even murder in its battle for better working conditions, pay, etc. At same time cnxn began btwn university research + needs of industrial economy- partnership btwn academic + commercial, i)Principles of “scientific management” began to be employed- fathered by Frederick Taylor who argued employers subdivide tasks to decrease need for highly skilled workers, increase efficiency by doing simple tasks w/ machines, ii)Emphasis on industrial research led to corporate labs (e.g. Get Started. The role of the individual entrepreneur in the development of particular industries. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you. We hope your visit has been a productive one. Economic depression 1893 - 1898. Oil industry also grew b/c of need to lubricate mill machinery, i)Development of automobile dependent upon growth of two technologies: creation of gasoline from crude oil extraction, and 1870s Eur development of “internal combustion engine”. It was soon supplanted by the open hearth process, which was introduced in the U.S. from Europe by a NJ ironmaster Abram S. Hewitt. View APUSH_-_Chapter_17_Guided_Reading_Questions.docx from HIST AP at Independence High School, Thompsons Station. While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. of Iron and Steel Workers, a powerful trade union) held significant power in workplace, but as new production methods changed in 1880s, could only maintain foothold in one of Carnegie's three major factories: the Homestead plant, - Hired by Frick to enable the company to hire nonunion workers, - Leader of American Railway Union that supported the Pullman Strike by refusing to handle Pullman cars and equipment, - Pullman Company cut wages by 25% but did not reduce rent that it mandatorily charged its employees, the Illinois governor who, in 1892, pardoned the probably innocent survivors of the Haymarket Square incident. Economist who argued that business should be regulated, but not by government, instead by the "invisible hand" of the law of supply and demand. 2. This process relied on the by the British metallurgist Robert Mushet that ingredients could be added to the iron during conversion to transform it into steel. Home Chapter Review 2-10 Chapter Review 11-20 Chapter Review 21-29 ... APUSH FINAL REVIEW Contact chapter17quickread.pdf: File Size: 133 kb: File Type: pdf: Download File. This engine used the expanding power of burning gas to drive pistons and a German, Nicolaus August Otto, created a gas-powered engine in the mid-1860s, which was a precursor to automobile engines. Chapter 17 apush industrial supremacy essay March 27, 2017 / Rating: 4.7 / Views: 560 Gallery of Images "Chapter 17 apush industrial supremacy essay" (713 pics): iv)Substantial economic growth ultimately from this arrangement- costs cut, industrial infrastructure formed, new markets stimulated, new unskilled jobs, i)Defenders argued capitalist economy expanding opportunities for individual advancement, and some tycoons were self-made men. AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more! Efficient administrative capabilities helped make possible another major feature of the modern corporation: consolidation. Strike collapsed eventually after many deaths, ii)Showed disputes could no longer be localized in national economy, depth of resentment toward employers, frailty of labor movement, i)First effort at national labor organization 1869 Noble Order of the Knights of Labor under Uriah Stephens- lacked strong central direction but local “assemblies” championed 8-hour workday, end to child labor, but also interested in long-range reform of economy. with coal operators, - Strike began when eastern railroads announced a 10% wage cut and expanded into an approaching class war, - 1st effort to create a national labor organization, Samuel Gompers, American Federation of Labor*, - A craft union (of the U.S. and Canada) that was an association that represented mainly skilled workers, - After Chicago police harassed strikers, radical leaders called a protest meeting at Haymarket Square on May 1, (Referring to those who favored the abolition of government and a "cooperative society became) the public code word for terrorism and violence though they were relatively peaceful; labor leaders were usually accused of "anarchism", - Previously, skilled workers (of the Amalgamated Assoc. Chapter 17 Quizlet. first formed a banking firm and gained control of Northern railroads. Strike collapsed, i)Late 19th century labor suffered many losses- wages rose slowly, whatever progress made not enforced, ii)Reasons for failures included: leading labor organizations represented only small percentage of industrial work force; ethnic tensions; many immigrant workers planned to stay in country for short while and moved very often- eroded willingness to organize, believed not part of permanent working class; couldn’t match efforts of powerful + wealthy corporations. Bought out 1901 by JP Morgan who formed United States Steel- controlled 2/3 of nation’s steel production, v)Corporate organizations developed new management techniques- division of responsibilities, control hierarchy, cost-accounting procedures, and “middle manager” btwn owners and labor introduced. developed by Henry Bessemer and it was a process for converting iron into the much more durable and versatile steel. In 1910 he formed the US Steel Corporation, combining the Carnegie Steel Company with other steel and iron businesses. APUSH Chapter 17: Industrial Supremacy. View Ch.17 History .docx from APUSH 202 at Bruce High School. APUSH: America's History: Chapter 17 Terms questionHomestead lockout answerThe 1892 lockout of workers at the Homestead, Pennsylvania steel mill after Andrew Carnegie refused to renew the union Additionally, Gompers accepted the basic premises of capitalism, since his goal was simply to secure workers a greater share of capitalism's material rewards. 17-19 timeline, Alec Pierce, Hayashi, 5th. The reasons for the rapid industrial development of the United States in the late nineteenth century. STUDY. Industrial Supremacy Industrial Technologies The Bessemer Process made the mass production of steel possible, which really helped the steel and railroad industries. Fist attempt to federate separate unions came 1866 w/ National labor Union (disintegrated after Panic of 1873), ii)Unions faced difficulty during 1870s recessions b/c of high unemployment, hostility of middle class, i)Railroad Strike of 1877 began after 10% wage cut announced. was a central corporate body that would buy up the stock of various members of the Standard Oil trust and establish direct, formal ownership of the corporations in trust. Ethnic tensions increased b/c of job displacement, competition, i)Average standard of living rose but wages low, little job security b/c boom-bust cycle, monotonous tasks that required little skill, long hours in unsafe conditions- loss of control over work conditions seen as worst part of factory labor as corporate efficiency and managers centralized workplace, i)Decreasing need for skilled labor led to increase use of women and children who could be paid lower than men, ii)Most women were young immigrants, concentrated in textile industry and domestic service. General Manager’s Association asked Pres Grover Cleveland to send in federal troops b/c passage of mail being blocked, iii)Pres complied and sent 2,000 troops to protect strikebreakers. Printer Friendly. iii)End of 19th cent 1% of corps controlled 33% of manufacturing, system where power in hands of a few men- NY bankers (JP Morgan), industrialists (Rockefeller), ect. Chapter 17 – Industrial Supremacy Sources of Industrial Growth The United States federal government was eager to assist in the growth of industry in the late nineteenth century (late 1800’s). Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. 1892 strike called after company stopped consulting the Amalgamated, Pinkerton Detective Agency security guards brought in as strikebreakers- were attacked, National Guard of PA called in, iv)Eventually protected strikebreakers ended strike, by 1900 Amalgamated had lost nearly every major steel plant, i)Strike at Pullman Palace Car Company in 1894 after Pullman cut wages. Chapter 17 “Industrial Supremacy” Chapter 18 “The Age of the City” Chapter 19 “From Stalemate to Crisis” Chapter 20 “The Imperial Republic” (content in chapter 19 and 21) Chapter 21 “The Rise of Progressivism” (content in chapter 20) Chapter 22 “The Battle for National Reform” (content in chapter … Know about the steel industry prior to the Civil War? Baseball established. Soon Pittsburgh was the center of the Practice Quiz. Consolidation now a possibility, i)Consolidation occurred thru “horizontal integration” (forming competing firms into single corporation) and “vertical integration” (control production from raw materials to distribution). Powered by Create your own unique website with customizable templates. APUSH Ch. Andrew Carnegie born in Scotland. Published on May 31, 2019. Review of Alan Brinkley The Unfinished Nation 8th edition, Chapter 17 - Industrial Supremacy. Start studying APUSH Chapter 17: Industrial Supremacy. ), - 1870s-1880s: Steel grew to dominate metals industry, - Built first airplane in 1903 and made improvements to invention, - "Scientific management" that made it possible to manage human labor to make it compatible with the demands of the machine age, - Assembly line introduced by Henry Ford in his automobile plants, - Made stocks (which were sold to raise money for businesses) more appealing by allowing investors to only risk the amount of their investments (not liable for any debts the corporation might accumulate), - Irish immigrant that worked from modest beginnings to open steelworks company, Combining a number of firms engaged in the same enterprise into a single corporation (i.e. an author whose enormously popular novels helped give voice to the often unstated ambitions of many young women. Slowly, workers drifted back to their jobs, and finally after 4 months the Amalgamated surrendered (power declined). Primary tabs. If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you! 1)Sources of Industrial Growth. Sources of Industrial Growth. Frick then abruptly shut down the plant and called in 300 guards from the Pinkerton Detective Agency to enable the company to hire nonunion workers. Edison’s Menlo Park), iii)Most impt change in production was mass production + assembly line. Also thru pool arrangements (most failed), ii)Most famous corp empire John D Rockefeller’s Standard Oil- thru horizontal & vertical integration came to control 90% of refined oil in US, iii)Consolidation used to cope w/ “cutthroat competition”- feared too much competition lead to instability, best was to eliminate/absorb competition, i)Failure of pools (informal agreements to stabilize rates, divide markets) led to less cooperation and more centralized control- “trust” emerged (stock transferred to group of trustees who made all decisions but shared profits), ii)Beginning w/ NJ 1889 states changed laws to allow companies to buy other companies, trust unnecessary—“holding companies” emerged as corporate body to buy up stock and establish formal ownership of corporations in trust. American History: A Survey, 10th Edition Textbook Notes, ‹ Chapter 16 - The Conquest of the Far West, Chapter 17- The South and the Slavery Controversy, C$K Quickbooks TECHnical Support Phone Number +♞ 1- 914� - 292 - 9886 ♜ USA. Start studying APUSH Chapter 17: Industrial Supremacy. PLAY. Otto did not develop a way to untether it from gas lines to be used portably in machines, but one of his former employees, Gottfried Daimler, later perfected an engine that could be used in automobiles. chapter 17: industrial supremacy (tanya's notes...i didnt do this chapter either...) 2012-01-09 chapter 2: transplantations and borderlands 2012-01-09 chapter 18: the age of the city 2012-01-09 Carnegie Steel), - After Civil War, launched refining company and began trying to eliminate his competition by allying himself with other capitalists and methodically buying out competing refineries, Combinations/pools/trusts/corporate mergers, - Combinations: industrialists saw as a way to cope with "cutthroat competition", - Often used to argue that those who succeeded, deserved their success and those who failed, earned their failure through fault (support individualism), Promoted Social Darwinism in lectures, articles, and book "Folkways", - Suggested that people of great wealth had not only great power but great responsibilities to use their riches to advance social progress, - Promoted the idea that most began at the lowest rung of the economic ladder and worked their way to success, - Radical that blamed social problems on the ability of a few monopolies to grow wealthy as a result of rising land values ("an increase in land value was not a result of the effort of the owner... and therefore was an unearned increment produced by the growth of society itself and should go back to the community/people), Book written by Henry George ("single tax" on land b/c of unfair values) that became one of the best-selling non-fiction books in America, Permitted corporations to pay for the passage of workers in advance and deduct the amount later from their wages (since many immigrants were poor and had a hard time paying the fee) but was later repealed (yet industrial employers secretly continued their recruitment system), - Militant labor organization/union (in west Penn.) Know who began to develop an oil empire by taking control of competing oil companies in Ohil. Recessions and havoc 1873 every 5-6 yrs, ii)Resentment increased b/c of new class of conspicuously wealthy ppl who lived opulent lifestyle- flagrant wealth in face of 4/5 who lived modestly, iii)Standard of living rising for everyone, but gap btwn rich + poor growing, i)Industrial work force grew late 19th century b/c of migration to industrial cities from both rural areas and foreign immigration- late century most migrants from England, Ireland, N Eur, by end shit toward S and E Europeans, ii)Immigrants came to escape poverty, lured by opportunity and advertisements by companies. The publication of Little Women (1868, 1869) established Louisa May Alcott as a major literary figure and as an enduring, if sometimes puzzling inspiration for girls and women of all ages. After several hours, the Pinkertons surrendered (3 guards and 10 strikers were killed), but the workers' victory was temporary as the governor of PA, at the company's request, sent the state's entire National Guard contingent, some 8,000 troops, to Homestead. Industrial Technologies. APUSH REVIEWED! Many of the corporate organizations developed a new approach to management and as a result corporate leaders introduced a set of managerial techniques that relied on the division of responsibilities, a carefully designed hierarchy of control, modern cost-accounting procedures, and a new breed of business executive: the "middle manager." Chapter 17 Industrial Supremacy Review Know that in the late nineteenth century, industry in the U.S. saw the Federal Government ready to assist and grow. 1)Sources of Industrial Growth. Workers began to strike w/ the American Railway Union of Eugene V. Debs, ii)Within few days thousands of railway workers struck and transportation nationwide frozen. Also, he was generally hostile to any gov't efforts to protect labor or improve working conditions, convinced that what a government could give it could also take away. In other words, a holding company is a company that controls other companies through stock ownership but that usually does not engage directly in their productive operations.
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